Biodiversity
Life on the Lembung Paseser coast
Mangroves, coastal forest, coral reef and seagrass are home to 179 species of plants and animals.
Mangroves
147.2 hectares of mangrove forest, dominated by Ceriops decandra (Near Threatened worldwide), form the reserve’s main habitat. 17 true mangrove species and 17 mangrove associates have been recorded.
True mangroves (17)
- JerujuAcanthus ilicifolius
- TeruntunAegiceras corniculatum
- Mange-kasihanAegiceras floridum
- Api-apiAvicennia alba
- Api-apiAvicennia marina
- Tanjang putihBruguiera cylindrica
- TanjangBruguiera gymnorhiza
- TengarCeriops decandra
- TengarCeriops tagal
- Buta-butaExcoecaria agallocha
- Saman-sigiLumnitzera racemosa
- NipahNypa fruticans
- Bakau minyakRhizophora apiculata
- Bakau hitamRhizophora mucronata
- BakauRhizophora stylosa
- PedadaSonneratia alba
- NyirihXylocarpus moluccensis
Mangrove associates (17)
- NyamplungCalophyllum inophyllum
- WiduriCalotropis gigantea
- Cemara lautCasuarina equisetifolia
- BintaroCerbera manghas
- Gambir lautClerodendrum inerme
- WaruHibiscus tiliaceus
- Katang-katangIpomoea pes-caprae
- MengkuduMorinda citrifolia
- RambusaPassiflora foetida
- BeluntasPluchea indica
- Bakung-bakungScaevola taccada
- KrokotSesuvium portulacastrum
- Pecut kudaStachytarpheta jamaicensis
- AlurSuaeda maritima
- KetapangTerminalia catappa
- Waru lautThespesia populnea
- SeruniWedelia biflora
River
The river winds through the mangroves to the sea and links them with the former fish ponds. Fish recorded in the river and ponds include mullet, milkfish and mangrove red snapper.
Coastal forest
Coastal forest forms the transition zone between the mangroves and dry land.
Seagrass
Seagrass grows in the shallow sandy water between the beach and the reef.
2 species
Coral reef
The reef flat in front of the reserve holds hard corals of many growth forms (branching, table, encrusting, massive and mushroom corals) as well as soft corals. The corals have not yet been identified to species level.
Reef fish
Reef fish live on the reef flat in front of the reserve.
Birds
76 bird species have been recorded, 12 of them migrants that stop over on the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Several are protected by Indonesian law, such as the brahminy kite, great egret, terns and the Javan plover.
Migratory birds (12)
- Cekakak australiaTodiramphus sanctus
- Kuntul besarArdea alba Protected
- Bambangan kuningIxobrychus sinensis
- Cerek kernyutPluvialis fulva
- Terik australiaStiltia isabella Protected
- Dara-laut biasaSterna hirundo Protected
- Dara-laut kecilSternula albifrons Protected
- Kirik-kirik lautMerops philippinus
- Trinil pantaiActitis hypoleucos
- Gajahan penggalaNumenius phaeopus Protected
- Trinil semakTringa glareola
- Trinil kaki-merahTringa totanus
Other birds (61)
- Remetuk lautGerygone sulphurea
- Elang bondolHaliastur indus Protected
- Elang-ular bidoSpilornis cheela Protected
- Kerakbasi ramaiAcrocephalus stentoreus
- Cipoh kacatAegithina tiphia
- Raja-udang biruAlcedo coerulescens
- Cekakak sungaiTodiramphus chloris
- Belibis batuDendrocygna javanica
- Walet sarang-putihAerodramus fuciphagus
- Kapinis lautApus pacificus
- Walet linciCollocalia linchi
- Cangak abuArdea cinerea
- Kuntul perakArdea intermedia
- Cangak merahArdea purpurea
- Blekok sawahArdeola speciosa
- Kuntul kerbauBubulcus ibis
- Kokokan lautButorides striata
- Kuntul kecilEgretta garzetta
- Kowak-malam abuNycticorax nycticorax
- Kekep babiArtamus leucoryn
- Kapasan sayap-putihLalage sueurii
- Sepah kecilPericrocotus cinnamomeus
- Cabak kotaCaprimulgus affinis
- Cerek jawaCharadrius javanicus Protected
- Cici merahCisticola exilis
- Cici padiCisticola juncidis
- Cinenen pisangOrthotomus sutorius
- Perenjak rawaPrinia flaviventris
- Perenjak padiPrinia inornata
- Perkutut jawaGeopelia striata
- Tekukur biasaSpilopelia chinensis
- Dederuk jawaStreptopelia bitorquata
- Punai gadingTreron vernans
- Gagak hutanCorvus enca
- Wiwik kelabuCacomantis merulinus
- Wiwik belukarCacomantis variolosus
- Bubut alang-alangCentropus bengalensis
- Kadalan birahPhaenicophaeus curvirostris
- Cabai jawaDicaeum trochileum
- Bondol jawaLonchura leucogastroides
- Bondol pekingLonchura punctulata
- Layang-layang guaCecropis daurica
- Layang-layang batuHirundo javanica
- Dara-laut tiramGelochelidon nilotica Protected
- Dara-laut tengkuk-hitamSterna sumatrana Protected
- Kirik-kirik senjaMerops leschenaulti
- Apung sawahAnthus rufulus
- Burung-madu kelapaAnthreptes malacensis
- Burung-madu srigantiCinnyris jugularis
- Burung-gereja erasiaPasser montanus
- Caladi ulamDendrocopos analis
- Caladi tilikPicoides moluccensis
- Cucak kutilangPycnonotus aurigaster
- Merbah cerukcukPycnonotus goiavier
- Tikusan alis-putihAmaurornis cinerea
- Kareo padiAmaurornis phoenicurus
- Mandar batuGallinula chloropus
- Kipasan belangRhipidura javanica Protected
- Perling kumbangAplonis panayensis
- Gemak lorengTurnix suscitator
- Kacamata lautZosterops chloris
We do not show the names of 3 threatened bird species targeted by the songbird trade, to prevent poaching and trade.
Shellfish, snails and crabs
The natural shore and the ponds are home to many clams, snails, barnacles and crabs, including mud crabs.
22 species
- Anadara granosa
- Anodontia edentula
- Brotia sp.
- Cirripedia spp.
- Fulvia papyracea
- Gari togata
- Glycymeris reevei
- Lymnaea sp.
- Melanoides tuberculata
- Muricidae sp.
- Nassarius sp.1
- Nassarius sp.2
- Paphia gallus
- Philippia sp.
- Potamidae spp.
- Prianovolva sp.
- Scylla paramamosain
- Scylla serrata
- Sinum javanicum
- Telescopium telescopium
- Terebra amanda
- Turritella terebra
Dragonflies and butterflies
7 dragonfly and 13 butterfly species have been recorded. Two of them are migratory insects.
Dragonflies (7)
Butterflies (13)
- Alang biru kecilZizina otis
- Alang-kuning biasaEurema hecabe
- Padi FormosaBorbo cinnara
- Ancang bercak kecilPelopidas mathias
- Migran biasaCatopsilia pomona
- Alang-kuning bintik tigaEurema blanda
- Kilat sabakRapala manea
- Coster kuning-kecokelatanAcraea terpsicore
- Macan polosDanaus chrysippus
- Izebel lukisDelias hyparete
- Kepak kuntulProsotas dubiosa
- Ragut mungilZizula hylax
- Terung biasaHypolimnas bolina
Amphibians and reptiles
Frogs and geckos are found around the reserve.
Amphibians (3)
Reptiles (2)
Mammals
Mammals recorded in the reserve:
Research
Published research from Lembung Paseser
Scientists and students have studied the reserve’s mangroves, coral reef and carbon stocks. Know of another study? Let us know so we can add it.
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Mu'thi, M. A., Andriyono, S., & Sulmartiwi, L. (2025)
Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on Fish and Fisheries Sciences (ISFFS 2025), Atlantis Press, pp. 213–222
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Ariyanti, L. A. S., Novitasari, H., Insafitri, & Nugraha, W. A. (2022)
Penutupan, Rugositas Terumbu Karang dan Kelimpahan Ikan Karang di Perairan Utara Bangkalan
Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 25(2): 202–212
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Ibrahim, A. (2020)
Juvenil 1(4)
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Prakasa, R. P. (2020)
Skripsi, Departemen Biologi, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
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Adany, A. (2020)
Skripsi, Departemen Biologi, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
About this data
This list comes from the reserve’s biodiversity baseline study, with field surveys in December 2025. It will keep being updated as new observations come in. We do not publish where protected animals are seen.
Species are listed by their Indonesian name where one exists, with the scientific name beside it.
Have a sighting or a photo? Send it to us.
For researchers
Want to study mangroves, coral reefs or migratory birds at Lembung Paseser? We can help with village permits, local guides and group accommodation.
